American Schutzhund
American Schutzhund has no parallel governing organizations in the United States. PSAK9-AS — the Protection Sports Association (PSA K9, Inc.) and its American Schutzhund program — writes the rulebook, licenses every titling event, certifies judges and helpers, runs the annual Nationals, and maintains the scorebooks. One ladder, one rulebook, one database. Many AS handlers also train and trial in IGP or PSA, but those titles do not transfer into the AS system. Eligibility runs through behavior and temperament rather than pedigree — all breeds eligible on paper, but two gates apply before AS titles: a dog aggression test, then the BT or BTX.
